Environmental testing, as a type of reliability testing, has developed into a method of predicting how the product usage environment affects the performance and function of the product. That is to say, before the product is put on the market, environmental testing is used to assess the degree of environmental impact on the product; when the function of the product is affected, environmental testing is used to find out the cause, and measures are taken to protect the product from environmental impact to maintain Product reliability. These tests have far exceeded their original purpose, and are now widely used in materials and product research and development, various inspections in the production process, inspections before transportation, and quality control after transportation. They are also used for analysis. Defects in the actual use of the product and the improvement of new products. Environmental testing is very effective for testing methods and maintaining product reliability.
The environmental test we are talking about here is in a narrow sense, and actually refers to artificially simulated environmental tests (hereinafter referred to as environmental tests). In a broad sense, environmental tests are basically divided into three categories: "natural exposure tests", "artificial simulation tests" and "field operation tests". Natural exposure test is to test the sample under long-term exposure to natural environmental conditions. The on-site operation test is to install the sample in various typical use sites and make it in a normal operating state for testing. Both of these tests can directly reflect the performance and reliability of the product in actual use, and are also the basis for verifying the accuracy of the artificial simulation test. However, the test cycles are long, costing manpower and material resources, and the former test conditions cannot be controlled, which affects the reproducibility of the test, and sometimes fails to keep up with the development of the product; the latter has slow data feedback. Therefore, in order to identify the adaptability of products to the environment in a relatively short period of time, artificial environmental tests are often used in scientific research and production, that is, to simulate one or more environmental factors in the laboratory test equipment (box or room). Role, and to be appropriately strengthened. The determination of the test conditions of the artificial simulation test requires that it not only simulates the authenticity of the main factors in the environment, but also has a certain acceleration in time, but the degree of acceleration should not change the law of the actual damage mechanism of the product. For this reason, the test conditions and methods of the artificial simulation test must be organically linked with the grade and value of the product's environmental conditions.
The simple division of environmental test can be divided into "climate environmental test", "mechanical environmental test" and "comprehensive environmental test". Climate-related environmental tests include environmental stress tests such as temperature, humidity, and pressure, while mechanical environmental tests include environmental stress tests such as shock and vibration, and comprehensive environmental tests are stress tests that integrate environmental factors such as climate and machinery.